Friday, February 19, 2010

Schedule for INDIAN PREMIER LEAGUE - 3 2010

The schedule for the IPL Season 3, was unveiled by IPL Commissioner Lalit Modi

IPL-2 Winner, South Africa - Deccan Chargers



IPL-1 Winner, India - Rajasthan Royals



Fri Mar 12 - Deccan Chargers v Kolkata Knight Riders
Rajiv Gandhi International Stadium, Uppal, Hyderabad 14:30 GMT | 20:00 local

Sat Mar 13 - Mumbai Indians v Rajasthan Royals
Brabourne Stadium, Mumbai

Sat Mar 13 - Kings XI Punjab v Delhi Daredevils
Punjab Cricket Association Stadium, Mohali, Chandigarh

Sun Mar 14- Kolkata Knight Riders v Royal Challengers Bangalore
Eden Gardens, Kolkata

Sun Mar 14- Chennai Super Kings v Deccan Chargers
MA Chidambaram Stadium, Chepauk, Chennai

Mon Mar 15 - Rajasthan Royals v Delhi Daredevils
Sardar Patel Stadium, Motera, Ahmedabad

Tue Mar 16- Royal Challengers Bangalore v Kings XI Punjab
M Chinnaswamy Stadium, Bangalore

Tue Mar 16- Kolkata Knight Riders v Chennai Super Kings
Eden Gardens, Kolkata

Wed Mar 17 - Delhi Daredevils v Mumbai Indians
Feroz Shah Kotla, Delhi

Thu Mar 18 - Royal Challengers Bangalore v Rajasthan Royals
M Chinnaswamy Stadium, Bangalore

Fri Mar 19 - Delhi Daredevils v Chennai Super Kings
Feroz Shah Kotla, Delhi

Fri Mar 19 - Deccan Chargers v Kings XI Punjab
Andhra Cricket Association-Visakhapatnam District Cricket Association Stadium, Visakhapatnam

Sat Mar 20 - Rajasthan Royals v Kolkata Knight Riders
Sardar Patel Stadium, Motera, Ahmedabad

Sat Mar 20 - Mumbai Indians v Royal Challengers Bangalore
Brabourne Stadium, Mumbai

Sun Mar 21 - Deccan Chargers v Delhi Daredevils
Andhra Cricket Association-Visakhapatnam District Cricket Association Stadium, Visakhapatnam

Sun Mar 21 - Chennai Super Kings v Kings XI Punjab
MA Chidambaram Stadium, Chepauk, Chennai

Mon Mar 22 - Mumbai Indians v Kolkata Knight Riders
Brabourne Stadium, Mumbai

Tue Mar 23- Royal Challengers Bangalore v Chennai Super Kings
M Chinnaswamy Stadium, Bangalore

Wed Mar 24 - Kings XI Punjab v Rajasthan Royals
Punjab Cricket Association Stadium, Mohali, Chandigarh

Thu Mar 25- Mumbai Indians v Chennai Super Kings
Brabourne Stadium, Mumbai

Fri Mar 26- Rajasthan Royals v Deccan Chargers
Sardar Patel Stadium, Motera, Ahmedabad

Sat Mar 27- Kings XI Punjab v Kolkata Knight Riders
Punjab Cricket Association Stadium, Mohali, Chandigarh

Sat Mar 27- Royal Challengers Bangalore v Delhi Daredevils
M Chinnaswamy Stadium, Bangalore

Sun Mar 28- Rajasthan Royals v Chennai Super Kings
Sardar Patel Stadium, Motera, Ahmedabad

Sun Mar 28- Deccan Chargers v Mumbai Indians
Rajiv Gandhi International Stadium, Uppal, Hyderabad

Mon Mar 29 - Delhi Daredevils v Kolkata Knight Riders
Feroz Shah Kotla, Delhi

Tue Mar 30 - Mumbai Indians v Kings XI Punjab
Brabourne Stadium, Mumbai

Wed Mar 31- Chennai Super Kings v Royal Challengers Bangalore
MA Chidambaram Stadium, Chepauk, Chennai

Wed Mar 31- Delhi Daredevils v Rajasthan Royals
Feroz Shah Kotla, Delhi

Thu Apr 1 - Kolkata Knight Riders v Deccan Chargers
Eden Gardens, Kolkata

Fri Apr 2 - Kings XI Punjab v Royal Challengers Bangalore
Punjab Cricket Association Stadium, Mohali, Chandigarh

Sat Apr 3 - Chennai Super Kings v Rajasthan Royals
MA Chidambaram Stadium, Chepauk, Chennai

Sat Apr 3 - Mumbai Indians v Deccan Chargers
Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground, Nagpur

Sun Apr 4 - Kolkata Knight Riders v Kings XI Punjab
Eden Gardens, Kolkata

Sun Apr 4 - Delhi Daredevils v Royal Challengers Bangalore
Feroz Shah Kotla, Delhi

Mon Apr 5- Deccan Chargers v Rajasthan Royals
Rajiv Gandhi International Stadium, Uppal, Hyderabad

Mon Apr 6- Chennai Super Kings v Mumbai Indians
MA Chidambaram Stadium, Chepauk, Chennai

Mon Apr 7- Rajasthan Royals v Kings XI Punjab
Sardar Patel Stadium, Motera, Ahmedabad

Mon Apr 7-Kolkata Knight Riders v Delhi Daredevils
Eden Gardens, Kolkata

Thu Apr 8- Royal Challengers Bangalore v Deccan Chargers
M Chinnaswamy Stadium, Bangalore

Thu Apr 9 -Kings XI Punjab v Mumbai Indians
Punjab Cricket Association Stadium, Mohali, Chandigarh

Thu Apr 10-Dccan Chargers v Chennai Super Kings
Rajiv Gandhi International Stadium, Uppal, Hyderabad

Sat Apr 10 - Royal Challengers Bangalore v Kolkata Knight Riders
M Chinnaswamy Stadium, Bangalore

Sat Apr 11- Delhi Daredevils v Kings XI Punjab
Feroz Shah Kotla, Delhi

Sat Apr 11 - Rajasthan Royals v Mumbai Indians
Sardar Patel Stadium, Motera, Ahmedabad

Sat Apr 12 - Deccan Chargers v Royal Challengers Bangalore
Rajiv Gandhi International Stadium, Uppal, Hyderabad

Tue Apr 13 - Mumbai Indians v Delhi Daredevils
Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground, Nagpur

Tue Apr 13 - Chennai Super Kings v Kolkata Knight Riders
MA Chidambaram Stadium, Chepauk, Chennai

Wed Apr 14- Rajasthan Royals v Royal Challengers Bangalore
Sardar Patel Stadium, Motera, Ahmedabad

Wed Apr 15- Chennai Super Kings v Delhi Daredevils
MA Chidambaram Stadium, Chepauk, Chennai

Wed Apr 16- Kings XI Punjab v Deccan Chargers
Himachal Pradesh Cricket Association Stadium, Dharmasala

Wed Apr 17- Royal Challengers Bangalore v Mumbai Indians
M Chinnaswamy Stadium, Bangalore

Wed Apr 17 Kolkata Knight Riders v Rajasthan Royals
Eden Gardens, Kolkata

Wed Apr 18- Kings XI Punjab v Chennai Super Kings
Himachal Pradesh Cricket Association Stadium, Dharmasala

Wed Apr 18- Delhi Daredevils v Deccan Chargers
Feroz Shah Kotla, Delhi

Wed Apr 19- Kolkata Knight Riders v Mumbai Indians
Eden Gardens, Kolkata

Semi-Final Wed Apr 21- TBC v TBC
M Chinnaswamy Stadium, Bangalore

Semi-Final Wed Apr 22- TBC v TBC
M Chinnaswamy Stadium, Bangalore

3rd Place Play-off Wed Apr 24- TBC v TBC
Dr DY Patil Sports Academy, Mumbai

Final Wed Apr 25- TBC v TBC
Dr DY Patil Sports Academy, Mumbai

Sunday, February 14, 2010

Diesel and Petrol




What are the main differences between diesel and petrol?


Conventional diesel and petrol are both produced from mineral oil, but using different refining methods. While diesel is in principle easier to refine than gasoline, it needs to be cleaned from more pollutants to ensure that tailpipe emissions remain as low as possible. However, diesel contains more energy than petrol and the vehicle’s engine combustion process is more efficient, adding up to higher fuel efficiency and lower CO2 emissions when using diesel.
Diesel versus petrol engines

By virtue of the combustion process and the overall engine concept, a diesel engine is more efficient than a spark-ignited petrol engine having the same power output when the engines are installed in a vehicle having a similar mass.

This results in the diesel having lower fuel consumption - a common margin is roughly 40% more km travelled for an efficient turbo-diesel engine. The calorific value of diesel fuel is roughly 45.5 MJ/kg (megajoules per kilogram), slightly lower than petrol which is 45.8 MJ/kg. However, diesel fuel is denser than petrol and contains about 15% more energy by volume (roughly 36.9 MJ/litre compared to 33.7 MJ/litre). Accounting for the difference in energy density, the overall efficiency of the diesel engine is still some 20% greater than the petrol engine, despite the diesel engine also being heavier.

Of course, there are many developments in technology for both the diesel and petrol engine that have been introduced to improve efficiency, fuel consumption and performance and technology such as HCCI (Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition) which will be introduced in both petrol and diesel engines in the short-term to help improve overall efficiency and to reduce CO2 emissions.

Note: 1kg of diesel burnt under ideal conditions will produce 2.68kg of CO2. 1kg of petrol burnt under ideal conditions will produce 2.3kg of CO2

Petrol versus diesel: refinery processing
Crude oil contains hundreds of different types of hydrocarbons all mixed together and, depending on the source of the crude oil, different impurities. In order to produce petrol, diesel or any other oil-based products, the hydrocarbons have to be separated, by refining of one type or another:

Different hydrocarbon chain lengths all have progressively higher boiling points, so they can all be separated by a process known as distillation. In a refinery, in one part of the process, crude oil is heated and the different hydrocarbon chains are pulled out as a vapour according to their vaporisation temperatures and then recondensed. For example:

Petrol - motor fuel:

* Liquid
* mix of alkanes and cycloalkanes (5 to 12 carbon atoms)
* boiling range = 40°C to 205°C

Gas oil or Diesel - motor fuel:

* Liquid
* alkanes containing 12 or more carbon atoms
* boiling range = 250°C to 350°C

Kerosene - fuel for jet engines:

* Liquid
* mix of alkanes (10 to 18 carbons) and aromatics
* boiling range = 175°C to 325°C

Of course, after distillation, there are various techniques that are used to convert some fractions to others:

* cracking, which breaking large hydrocarbon chains into smaller ones
* unification – which combines smaller hydrocarbon chains to make larger ones
* alteration – which re-arranges various pieces to make desired hydrocarbons

For example, this allows a refinery to turn diesel fuel into petrol fuel, depending on the demand for petrol. Refineries will also combine various fractions (processed, unprocessed) into mixtures to make desired products. For example, different mixtures of hydrocarbon chains can create petrol with different octane ratings.

Distillated and chemically processed fractions are treated to remove impurities, such as organic compounds containing sulphur, nitrogen, oxygen, water, dissolved metals and inorganic salts.

Unique Identification Authority of India : UIDAI


India will become the first country in the world to issue a unique identity number for each of its
residents from February 2011 which will allow an on-line verification, a top official said Wednesday.



"We will start issuing the unique number by February 2011," Nandan Nilekani, chairman of the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI), said here at a talk organised in the Parliament House Library. He said that giving a unique number to each Indian was a big challenge as UIDAI will make sure that there is no duplication. The project estimated to cost around Rs.30,000 crore will cover the entire population of the country.

Nilekani said that biometrics will be used to prevent duplication and the authority will keep the same kind of information as is mentioned on voter I-card. "We want to keep minimal information," he said, adding that there will be no invasion of privacy.

He said the unique number will enable the UIDAI to verify identity of a citizen online and India will become the first country in the world to have such a system. "No other country has done it. It will be gateway to open up public services to the people." He said under the present system, verification process is being done over and over again.

Terming the project a "massively complex project," he said the authority will use state governments, banks, insurance companies and other such institutions as partners in enrolment. The unique number will not give any rights or entitlements but can be later used for the purposes of citizenship, he said.

"It is a voluntary number. Even infants will get it," he said, adding that identity of mother or guardian will be used alongside in case of children as biometrics are not fully developed in them.

Nilekani said the verification process will be kept pro-poor and inclusive.
"I think it is a very powerful and inclusive idea. It will help the poor have better access to public services and will be a great enabler for their financial inclusion.

The flagship welfare schemes of the government can be made more efficient," he said, adding that itwill help strengthen national security, reducing fraud and increasing tax collection.

Giving an illustration of the use of the unique number in banking sector, he said it can help people make money withdrawals easier virtually leading to an ATM in every village.

Nilekani, who took questions at the end of his talk, said the country should
formulate a comprehensive privacy law. The talk, organised by the Bureau of Parliamentary Studies and Training of the Lok Sabha secretariat, was attended by several MPs and officials.

How the card can be multipurpose for us:

• Debit Card (Before transaction the person has to enter its last four digits of
virtual Debit cards)

• Credit Card (before transaction the person have to enter its last four digits of virtual cards)

• No need to keep foreign currency or Indian rupee in India.

• Bank Account opening, No need to file any paper just swap your and guarantor's card.

• In NREGA the contractor will file your card code in his register and you will get your payment in bank account.

• Employee just enter his/ her UID in the time of joining, his/ her all record will update with current employer.

• Just fill only your UID card no. in Online Tax returns; it will automatically deduct your tax after rebate (LIC, 80G, and Investment). Here no need to get refund and govt. can save thousands of cr. Rupees of interest.

• During the shopping in your area you have to swap your card and insert the pin for transactions. For this we have to reduce transition charges till 0.5%.

• This card will be our driving license. On this card a picture will be published of authorized driving vehicle. (White car for pvt., and yellow car for commercial).

• Our all the personal records like, height, finger prints and education will be feed on it.

• Card holder can cast his/ her vote any where in India through ATM or any
information kiyosk with the help of this card. (The person will enter its card in voting machine and soon all candidate lists will be available of his/ her locality in touch panel voting machine.

• No one cay buy or sell any property without UID card. Through it we can control the black money and confirm that how much property is belongs to the person. Govt. can provide subsidy to whom have not any flat or property and get extra tax who have already flat or property.

• Through this card govt. will deduct Electricity bill, Water bill, house tax or other bills itself. No need to go anywhere to submit your bill. (It should be applicable in A B and C category of Cities).